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图片来源：天星调良马术
马的身体状况
The horse’s body condition
在总体检查后，评估马的身体状况，需要关注以下几个关键部位：After the general overview, there are some key areas to consider when assessing body condition:
颈脊
Crest.
肋骨（上方）
Over the ribs.
臀部（上方）
Over the quarters.
从各个角度考虑马，做出合理的评估。定期检查评估并记录马的身体状况很重要，特别是如果你同时照顾好几匹马。任何明显的变化都可能表明马的饲养管理和训练水平不匹配，或者马患有严重的疾病。Consider the horse from all angles to make a proper assessment. It is important to do this regularly and keep a record of the horse’s body condition, particularly if there are several horses in your care. Any significant changes could indicate that the horse’s feed is not adequate for their management and level of work, or that the horse has a serious illness.
理想体重
Ideal body weight
理想的体重、没有明显的颈脊（尽管有些公马颈脊会突出）。肋骨被覆盖，且易被摸到。没有突出的骨头。
Ideal body weight. No noticeable crest (although some stallions may have a prominent crest). Ribs should be just covered and easily felt. No bones should be protruding.
从后面看，马的臀部顶部应该是圆形的，沿着脊椎没有凹槽。后躯两侧不应该有任何凹陷处，髋骨没有突出，但应该很容易摸到。
From behind there should be a rounded shape over the top of the quarters, with no channel down the spine. There shouldn’t be any concavity on either side of quarters and the hip bones should not be protruding but should be easily felt.
体重过重
Overweight
一匹超重的马可能会有如下某些或所有特征:An overweight horse may show some or all of the following:
· 脂肪峰或颈脊处堆积有结实的脂肪。
· Fat hump or solid fat stored at the crest.
· 肋部不可见；脂肪堆积在肋骨上方和肋骨之间。
· Ribs not tangible; fat deposits over and between the ribs.
· 脂肪堆积或过多的脂肪覆盖在肩部、鬐甲和颈部部位。
· Fat deposits or excessive fat covering areas such as the shoulders, withers and neck.
· 髋关节无法清晰可见；脂肪堆积在脊椎的两侧，形成一条沿着脊椎的凹槽。
· No definition of hips;fat stored either side of the spine creating a channel running down the spine.
这匹马的颈脊肥硕，过多的脂肪堆积在颈部、肩部、鬐甲和肋骨上
This horse has a fat hump at the crest and excessive fat stored on the neck,shoulders,withers and over the ribs.
体重不足
Underweight
一匹体重不足的马可能会有如下某些或所有特征:An underweight horse may show some or all of the following:
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颈部很窄且没有脂肪覆盖。
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Neck narrow with no fat covering.
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脊椎、鬐甲、肩部和髋骨清晰可见且突出。
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Spine, withers, shoulders and hip bones clearly visible and protruding.
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肋骨清晰可见。
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Ribs easily visible.
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从后面看，后躯的轮廓凹陷消瘦。
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From behind, the outline of the quarters is hollow and falling away.
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这匹马的肋骨清晰可见，脊椎、肩部、鬐甲和髋骨突出
This horse has clearly visible ribs and protruding spine,shoulders,withers and hip bones.
如果各位爱马的朋友有任何疑问或者想要了解的知识，欢迎在文末留言，我们将不定期选取评论，为您解答。
（文字来源：《全新马术国际通用教程》初阶 图片提供：《全新马术国际通用教程》初阶、二阶；天星调良马术）
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